イケップ先生
英語を学ぶ上で避けて通れないのが動詞の変化ですね。ここに200単語くらいの動詞があります。これのすべての変化形が頭に入っていると、動詞で困ることはあまりないのではないでしょうか。
ダメップ
覚える自信がありません
イケップ先生
一度に覚えようとはしないことです。段階を追って覚えます
まったくの初心者、英検5級レベルであれば、まずは原形の意味だけ覚えましょう。そして、三単現形ですね。できれば進行形もですね。ただ、どちらも簡単ですね。
ほとんどがそのまま”s”をつけるか”ing”をつけるかだけですから。
英検4級レベルで過去形。できれば過去分詞形もです。受け身で少し出ます。
ただし、ここまでは書けるようになる必要はありません。
英検3級レベル、または中学生では、書けるようにもなっておきたいというところです。
ここにあるものは全部覚えているのは必須ですね。
ダメップ
それはまた、果てしないです
イケップ先生
規則的な変化も多いです。一般的には規則動詞が多いのですが、良く使う動詞は不規則なものが多いからちょっとやっかいではあります。
だから、不規則に変化するものだけをまた別で覚えて行けばいいです。ただ、原形だけはやはり意味がわかって、書けるという状態になっているのが最低でも望ましいです。
まずは意味がちゃんとわかるかどうかというところからスタートしてください!
動詞変化表 | |||||
日本語 | 原形 | 三単現形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞 | 進行形 |
〜である、いる | be | is/am/are | was/were | been | being |
行く | go | goes | went | gone | going |
持っている、ある | have | has | had | had | having |
する | do | does | did | done | doing |
〜させる | let | lets | let | let | letting |
始める | begin | begins | began | begun | beginning |
言う | say | says | said | said | saying |
作る | make | makes | made | made | making |
〜のように見える | seem | seems | seemed | seemed | seeming |
~になる | become | becomes | became | become | becoming |
回る、変わる | turn | turns | turned | turned | turning |
得る、手に入れる | get | gets | got | gotten/got | getting |
支払う | pay | pays | paid | paid | paying |
知る | know | knows | knew | known | knowing |
学ぶ | learn | learns | learned / learnt | learned / learnt | learning |
成長する、育つ | grow | grows | grew | grown | growing |
考える | think | thinks | thought | thought | thinking |
提供する | provide | provides | provided | provided | providing |
取る、持っていく | take | takes | took | taken | taking |
見る | see | sees | saw | seen | seeing |
提供する、役立つ | serve | serves | served | served | serving |
来る | come | comes | came | come | coming |
食べる | eat | eats | ate | eaten | eating |
飲む | drink | drinks | drank | drunk | drinking |
欲しい | want | wants | wanted | wanted | wanting |
与える | give | gives | gave | given | giving |
眠る | sleep | sleeps | slept | slept | sleeping |
見る | look | looks | looked | looked | looking |
使う | use | uses | used | used | using |
見つける | find | finds | found | found | finding |
言う | tell | tells | told | told | telling |
尋ねる | ask | asks | asked | asked | asking |
働く | work | works | worked | worked | working |
到着する | arrive | arrives | arrived | arrived | arriving |
必要とする | need | needs | needed | needed | needing |
感じる | feel | feels | felt | felt | feeling |
忘れる | forget | forgets | forgot | forgotten | forgetting |
去る、残す | leave | leaves | left | left | leaving |
思い出させる | remind | reminds | reminded | reminded | reminding |
試みる | try | tries | tried | tried | trying |
呼ぶ | call | calls | called | called | calling |
助ける | help | helps | helped | helped | helping |
始める | start | starts | started | started | starting |
保つ、保持する | keep | keeps | kept | kept | keeping |
許す | allow | allows | allowed | allowed | allowing |
見せる | show | shows | showed | shown | showing |
聞く | hear | hears | heard | heard | hearing |
遊ぶ、演奏する | play | plays | played | played | playing |
起こる | happen | happens | happened | happened | happening |
走る | run | runs | ran | run | running |
動く | move | moves | moved | moved | moving |
好む | like | likes | liked | liked | liking |
住む | live | lives | lived | lived | living |
信じる | believe | believes | believed | believed | believing |
持つ、抱える | hold | holds | held | held | holding |
持ってくる | bring | brings | brought | brought | bringing |
書く | write | writes | wrote | written | writing |
座る | sit | sits | sat | sat | sitting |
立つ | stand | stands | stood | stood | standing |
失う | lose | loses | lost | lost | losing |
会う | meet | meets | met | met | meeting |
含む | include | includes | included | included | including |
変える、変わる | change | changes | changed | changed | changing |
導く | lead | leads | led | led | leading |
理解する | understand | understands | understood | understood | understanding |
見る | watch | watches | watched | watched | watching |
従う、追う | follow | follows | followed | followed | following |
止める | stop | stops | stopped | stopped | stopping |
創造する | create | creates | created | created | creating |
話す | speak | speaks | spoke | spoken | speaking |
読む | read | reads | read | read | reading |
費やす、使う | spend | spends | spent | spent | spending |
開ける | open | opens | opened | opened | opening |
歩く | walk | walks | walked | walked | walking |
勝つ | win | wins | won | won | winning |
提供する | offer | offers | offered | offered | offering |
覚えている | remember | remembers | remembered | remembered | remembering |
愛する | love | loves | loved | loved | loving |
買う | buy | buys | bought | bought | buying |
待つ | wait | waits | waited | waited | waiting |
死ぬ | die | dies | died | died | dying |
送る | send | sends | sent | sent | sending |
建てる | build | builds | built | built | building |
滞在する | stay | stays | stayed | stayed | staying |
落ちる | fall | falls | fell | fallen | falling |
切る | cut | cuts | cut | cut | cutting |
到達する | reach | reaches | reached | reached | reaching |
殺す | kill | kills | killed | killed | killing |
育てる、上げる | raise | raises | raised | raised | raising |
通る、合格する | pass | passes | passed | passed | passing |
売る | sell | sells | sold | sold | selling |
戻る | return | returns | returned | returned | returning |
説明する | explain | explains | explained | explained | explaining |
望む | hope | hopes | hoped | hoped | hoping |
発展する | develop | develops | developed | developed | developing |
運ぶ | carry | carries | carried | carried | carrying |
壊す | break | breaks | broke | broken | breaking |
決める | decide | decides | decided | decided | deciding |
感謝する | thank | thanks | thanked | thanked | thanking |
受け取る | receive | receives | received | received | receiving |
支える | support | supports | supported | supported | supporting |
打つ | hit | hits | hit | hit | hitting |
生産する | produce | produces | produced | produced | producing |
捕まえる | catch | catches | caught | caught | catching |
参加する | join | joins | joined | joined | joining |
選ぶ | choose | chooses | chose | chosen | choosing |
聞く | listen | listens | listened | listened | listening |
勉強する | study | studies | studied | studied | studying |
受け入れる | accept | accepts | accepted | accepted | accepting |
選ぶ、拾う | pick | picks | picked | picked | picking |
着る、身につける | wear | wears | wore | worn | wearing |
触る | touch | touches | touched | touched | touching |
終える | finish | finishes | finished | finished | finishing |
楽しむ | enjoy | enjoys | enjoyed | enjoyed | enjoying |
運転する | drive | drives | drove | driven | driving |
借りる | borrow | borrows | borrowed | borrowed | borrowing |
貸す | lend | lends | lent | lent | lending |
避ける | avoid | avoids | avoided | avoided | avoiding |
同意する | agree | agrees | agreed | agreed | agreeing |
手配する | arrange | arranges | arranged | arranged | arranging |
忘れる | forget | forgets | forgot | forgotten | forgetting |
許す | forgive | forgives | forgave | forgiven | forgiving |
準備する | prepare | prepares | prepared | prepared | preparing |
微笑む | smile | smiles | smiled | smiled | smiling |
笑う | laugh | laughs | laughed | laughed | laughing |
泣く | cry | cries | cried | cried | crying |
認める | admit | admits | admitted | admitted | admitting |
発表する | announce | announces | announced | announced | announcing |
議論する | argue | argues | argued | argued | arguing |
達成する | achieve | achieves | achieved | achieved | achieving |
攻撃する | attack | attacks | attacked | attacked | attacking |
属する | belong | belongs | belonged | belonged | belonging |
振る舞う | behave | behaves | behaved | behaved | behaving |
落ち着かせる | calm | calms | calmed | calmed | calming |
不満を言う | complain | complains | complained | complained | complaining |
関係する | concern | concerns | concerned | concerned | concerning |
続ける | continue | continues | continued | continued | continuing |
頼る | depend | depends | depended | depended | depending |
描写する | describe | describes | described | described | describing |
設計する | design | designs | designed | designed | designing |
話し合う | discuss | discusses | discussed | discussed | discussing |
発見する | discover | discovers | discovered | discovered | discovering |
分ける | divide | divides | divided | divided | dividing |
描く | draw | draws | drew | drawn | drawing |
落とす | drop | drops | dropped | dropped | dropping |
励ます | encourage | encourages | encouraged | encouraged | encouraging |
設立する | establish | establishes | established | established | establishing |
調べる | examine | examines | examined | examined | examining |
期待する | expect | expects | expected | expected | expecting |
表現する | express | expresses | expressed | expressed | expressing |
養う | feed | feeds | fed | fed | feeding |
戦う | fight | fights | fought | fought | fighting |
修理する | fix | fixes | fixed | fixed | fixing |
飛ぶ | fly | flies | flew | flown | flying |
折る | fold | folds | folded | folded | folding |
得る | gain | gains | gained | gained | gaining |
推測する | guess | guesses | guessed | guessed | guessing |
想像する | imagine | imagines | imagined | imagined | imagining |
改善する | improve | improves | improved | improved | improving |
増やす | increase | increases | increased | increased | increasing |
紹介する | introduce | introduces | introduced | introduced | introducing |
関わる | involve | involves | involved | involved | involving |
判断する | judge | judges | judged | judged | judging |
飛び越える | jump | jumps | jumped | jumped | jumping |
ノックする | knock | knocks | knocked | knocked | knocking |
持ち上げる | lift | lifts | lifted | lifted | lifting |
限る | limit | limits | limited | limited | limiting |
管理する | manage | manages | managed | managed | managing |
逃す、恋しく思う | miss | misses | missed | missed | missing |
混ぜる | mix | mixes | mixed | mixed | mixing |
気づく | notice | notices | noticed | noticed | noticing |
得る | obtain | obtains | obtained | obtained | obtaining |
操作する | operate | operates | operated | operated | operating |
組織する | organize | organizes | organized | organized | organizing |
参加する | participate | participates | participated | participated | participating |
好む | prefer | prefers | preferred | preferred | preferring |
準備する | prepare | prepares | prepared | prepared | preparing |
守る | protect | protects | protected | protected | protecting |
証明する | prove | proves | proved | proven | proving |
気づく | realize | realizes | realized | realized | realizing |
認める | recognize | recognizes | recognized | recognized | recognizing |
減らす | reduce | reduces | reduced | reduced | reducing |
反映する | reflect | reflects | reflected | reflected | reflecting |
拒否する | refuse | refuses | refused | refused | refusing |
休む | relax | relaxes | relaxed | relaxed | relaxing |
取り除く | remove | removes | removed | removed | removing |
返事をする | reply | replies | replied | replied | replying |
報告する | report | reports | reported | reported | reporting |
要求する | request | requests | requested | requested | requesting |
必要とする | require | requires | required | required | requiring |
尊敬する | respect | respects | respected | respected | respecting |
休む | rest | rests | rested | rested | resting |
上がる、昇る | rise | rises | rose | risen | rising |
回す | roll | rolls | rolled | rolled | rolling |
救う、貯める | save | saves | saved | saved | saving |
叫ぶ | shout | shouts | shouted | shouted | shouting |
閉める | shut | shuts | shut | shut | shutting |
署名する | sign | signs | signed | signed | signing |
提案する | suggest | suggests | suggested | suggested | suggesting |
苦しむ | suffer | suffers | suffered | suffered | suffering |
供給する | supply | supplies | supplied | supplied | supplying |
生き残る | survive | survives | survived | survived | surviving |
味わう | taste | tastes | tasted | tasted | tasting |
投げる | throw | throws | threw | thrown | throwing |
翻訳する | translate | translates | translated | translated | translating |
信じる | trust | trusts | trusted | trusted | trusting |
警告する | warn | warns | warned | warned | warning |
願う | wish | wishes | wished | wished | wishing |
驚く | wonder | wonders | wondered | wondered | wondering |
横になる | lie | lies | lay | lain | lying |
嘘をつく | lie | lies | lied | lied | lying |
〜を置く、横たえる | lay | lays | laid | laid | laying |